The Balance Of Power And The Security Dilemma Essay

War seems to many to be an irrational act of passion....Yet for all the emotion of the battlefield, the premeditation of war is a rational process consisting of careful and deliberate calculations. (Bueno de Mesquita, 1981, 19) War choice is rational when the benefits exceed the costs and rational war choice should always be determined by the calculations of expected benefits versus the costs. Traces can be found from the complexities of international relationships that the choice of peace or war follows several basic rules, among which are the theories of the balance of power and the security dilemma. The balance of power is one key concept to understand about the rational choice of war. In any given system, which is comprised of several neighboring nations, major or minor according to the distinctive scale of influences it could have to the system, any change of power in one nation applies to the system as a whole. The major powers refer to the ones that are capable of influencing the system greatly and initiating a war that goes to the whole system; while the minor powers have the only limited strength and can only start wars in a smaller region rather than the whole system. Thus, major powers play the key role in a system and determines the balance of power (Lecture, August 3, 2016). The balance of power shifts from two states: stable or unstable. The stable balance of power refers to the state that the relative powers of nations or alliances areShow MoreRelatedThe Theory Of The International System1741 Words   |  7 Pagesanarchy is the dominant structural condition (Class Notes, August 31). Other theories such as liberalism or idealism refute these ideas. These theorists embody a more optimistic approach in which cooperation is key and the individual is given more power than realists believe. Although these approaches raise significant counterarguments to the realist view, realism provides a more practical framework for the way in which international re lations works today. While war has many causes, realists are correctRead MoreChina s Foreign Policy Record967 Words   |  4 Pagespolicy, can be further explored through the lens of China. In his book, International Politics of the Asia Pacific, Yahuda states, â€Å"It is only since the end of the Cold War that China’s leaders have developed policies that recognize that the future security and prosperity of their country requires the cultivation of close relations with the Asia-Pacific as a whole and with its neighbors in particular.† (Yahuda 2011, 137) Yahuda points out, significantly, that only with the Cold War coming to a closeRead MoreThe Second World War I1363 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Allied Powers. Realist perspective argues that a crucial event in the cause of the World War one was the unification of Germany in 1871. The unification in Germany created a new power in the center of Europe, and this new power had a larger population, and a more powerful economy compared to other European Countries. â€Å"German Unification created a new power in the heart of Europe that had a larger population, and in short order, a more powerful economy than any other European power.†(Nau). ThisRead MoreNon Proliferation Treaty And The Universal Declaration Of Human Rights1594 Words   |  7 Pagesanarchy. Realism is a dominant theory of international relations focuses on state s security and power primarily. Besides, states are considered the only unitary rational actors where its survival and interests is the cornerstone of interstates relation highly based on might rather than on right. Hence, realists believe that people are by nature sinful and instinctively seeking power to dominant others. Power will be everlasting in the human s nature and the possibility to be eradicated is a utopianRead MoreEssay on The Realist Theory and The Outbreak of World War I1289 Words   |  6 Pagesfearful, selfish and power seeking† (Mingst, 2011). WWI was initially a war between two countries, Austria-Hungary and Serbia; but due to assassinations, the strength of alliances, binds by treaties, and increasing security dilemma, more and more countries entered the war until it manifested into a complete World War. Countries increased their weaponry and made other nations apprehensive. Even count ries that felt compelled to stay neutral became fearful of the ever increasing power of countries in theRead MoreIII. Dependence of the Gulf states on external security guarantees The previous part of the1200 Words   |  5 Pagesthe Gulf states on external security guarantees The previous part of the essay mostly focused on internal political dimensions of instability and conflict in the Arab part of the Gulf. Other factors of instability in the Gulf belong to the systemic level of the Gulf subregion. One of these factors is the existing regional security architecture, which fosters dependence on the U.S. to provide means of defence and deterrence. Part of the issue is that U.S. security guarantees result in lack ofRead MoreThe Modern Rising Powers Of China1206 Words   |  5 PagesIn an anarchical international order, the modern rising powers is very crucial in the security of states as it would create a bi-polar world and would undoubtedly pose a threat to smaller states around the world as they strive to maintain the balance of power. China is seen as the main power challenging the uni-polar world, however China seems to be more focused on economic power and might rather than military might due to their lack of an airforce that would be able to successfully challenge theRead MoreThe, State, And War918 Words   |  4 Pagesnon-exhaustive list of the conscious reasons why governments have decided to go to war. The two reasons I found to be related to the Cold War were the following: to preserve or restore a balance of power and to thwart the hegemonic aims of another power. Additionally, to fight small war now against a grow ing power that would pose a greater threat later (p. 284). Kenneth Waltz in his book Man, the State, and War, distinguished three images of international relations, or levels of analysis, in termsRead MoreThe Rise Of Chin Through The Realist Looking Glass1519 Words   |  7 Pages‘rise of China’ is lauded as the determinative issue for international relations this century with China assuming a more powerful role in the international system. This essay considers the issue of China’s rise and its implications for international security from both an offensive and defensive realist approach. I will show that neither realist approach can adequately explain China’s rise and its implications because it relies on realist optimism and does not account for the determinative effect of theRead MoreConflict Between Iran And Iraq Essay1590 Words   |  7 Pagestheories of balance and power and the security dilemma, this all plays to a patterned framework consistent with mistrust, uncertainty and opportunism which come to exp lain the major causes of the conflict and why countries compete. The following historical narrative serves as a background to highlight the major points of conflict, while furnishing a concise view of the complexity of the war. Following this narrative will be a supplied theoretical evaluation of Realism and the Security dilemma, and its

The Voice Of Prejudice By Nelson Mandela - 2024 Words

Anisha Desai Mr. Smith Survey Comp 3 November 14, 2014 ROUGH DRAFT The Voice of Prejudice No one is born prejudiced because it is a learned behavior pattern. Nelson Mandela, an internationally acclaimed figure in the fight against racism, describes this idea as, â€Å"No one is born hating another person because of the color of his skin, or his background, or his religion. People must learn to hate†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Harper Lee’s renowned novel To Kill a Mockingbird, a classic of American literature, explores a story of prejudice through the lives of some small town Southerners in the early 1930’s. The book is narrated by Jean Louise Finch, also known as Scout, a tomboy who prefers to solve issues with her fists instead of her words and possessing knowledge of life far beyond her years. Scout, her brother Jem, and their father Atticus reside in the small, fictional town of Maycomb, Alabama. Atticus is a lawyer who is appointed to defend Tom Robinson, a black man accused of the rape of a white girl, Mayella Ewell. The novel takes on a life of its own describing t he seemingly endless gossip spread from person to person, solely based off of personal prejudices. People get so wrapped up in their hearsay, it begins to become an alarming reality, and those who pay are the ones who get unfairly excluded because of traits they cannot control. These ideas slowly become standards by which individuals are categorized in. Harper Lee uses almost every character throughout the book to teach us that prejudiceShow MoreRelatedThe Hurricane Starring Denzel Washington As Rubin, Hurricane Carter And The Handout Provided For Nelson Mandela1286 Words   |  6 Pages In this paper, I am going to compare and contrast the movie The Hurricane starring Denzel Washington as Rubin â€Å"Hurricane† Carter to the handout provided for Nelson Mandela. I will begin with a critical review of the movie. The setting of the movie rotates from past to present, as the movie begin you will notice him in the ring with the middle weight champion and eventually defeat him in the first round with a knock-out. Than the movie switch to him protesting in a jail cell, 193 at Trenton StateRead MoreMahatma Gandhi And Nelson Mandela1447 Words   |  6 PagesIf Mahatma Gandhi never inspired Nelson Mandela to fulfill his vision for human rights, would Nelson Mandela have inspired Barack Obama to continue that legacy? Mahatma Gandhi practiced civil disobedience and lobbied for the rights of Indians in South Africa and India. Nelson Mandela hungered and fought for a South Africa, where all races were equal and unified as nationalists. Barack Obama sought to build a more tolerant United States through his historic presidency, immigration policies, andRead MoreNelson Mandela Hero1366 Words   |  6 Pages Many people have heard of Nelson Mandela, but what makes him such an important figure? How has he influenced South Africa and the world? Nelson Mandela’s history can clearly tell the tale of heroism. South Africa suffered under apartheid from 1948 until 1994 where Nelson Mandela was elected the first black president of South Africa. For 46 years, laws of racial discrimination and oppression flooded the land, and police brutality and tensions between the people increased, but it all came to an endRead MoreThe Book Thief By Markus Zusak1047 Words   |  5 PagesIn the Novel the Book Thief by Markus Zusak and Breaking Prejudice from National Radio, we see there to be a change in perspective due to insightful personal discoveries. We see this occur for the better and the worse, on a smaller scale in the case of the Book Thief and on a larger scale in Breaking Prejudice, which serves to demonstrate to the reader the many levels on which insight can affect perspective. In the Book Thief, Liesel’s initial perspective of both her foster mother Rosa, and HitlerRead MoreEssay on Famous Thinkers1570 Words   |  7 Pages Famous Thinkers By this time, 2013, the world has been blessed with a good handful of creative thinkers who have greatly contributed to their communities, thus, to the world. Nelson Mandela and Dr. Martin Luther King Jr are to excellent examples of outside the box thinkers who strove relentlessly to make a difference in the way society was thinking, and acting The purpose of this paper is to give information about these two thinkers’Read MoreCivil Disobedience And The Apartheid1428 Words   |  6 PagesStates, Reverend Martin Luther King Jr. employed civil disobedience to overcome both the Jim Crow laws that had oppressed the African-American minority and the systemic racism that was once prevalent in the Southern United States. In South Africa, Nelson Mandela utilized civil disobedience to lead an anti-apartheid revolution to combat the apartheid system that systemically discriminated against the black inhabitants of South Africa. All three of these exemplary men have earned a Nobel Peace Prize forRead MoreThe, Antigone, And The Island By Athol Fugard1423 Words   |  6 Pagesbottled up in this case and sometimes it leads to revolt, such as in Sophocles’, Antigone, and in The Island by Athol Fugard. Unfortunately, many people get killed when this such event occurs. Since the entire country of South Africa is under racial prejudice, similar to Creon’s rule in Antigone, the characters in both The Island and Antigone feel the obligation to protest authority and change the course of their lives in similar methods. It is first very important to understand deep history of ApartheidRead MoreMahatma Gandhi, Martin Luther King, and Nelson Mandela1504 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Mahatma Gandhi, Martin Luther King, and Nelson Mandela Non-violence is a concept that people participate in social and political change without violence. It is a form of social and political change between passive acceptances and armed struggle. Non-violence way to participate in the social and political change is including nonviolent civil disobedience against, acts of civil disobedience or other powerful influence uncooperative antagonistic form; it is similar with pacifism, but it is notRead MoreAnalysis Of Alan Patons Cry, The Beloved Country962 Words   |  4 PagesNelson Mandela once declared, â€Å"As long as poverty, injustice and gross inequality persist in our world, none of us can truly rest.† Nelson Mandela explains that seeing the injustice and prejudice in society but not doing anything to try and fix it will ultimately not solve the issue of racial division. In the novel, Cry, the Beloved Country, by Alan Paton, a wise man named Msimangu, and Arthur Jarvis, a well-respected activist, are characters that seek an en d to the racial divide in the country ofRead MoreMusic, Music And Music1293 Words   |  6 PagesOver the millenniums, music has had a profound ability to capture revolutionary moments, condemn injustice, and raise hope for change in the future. In particular, music and singing have played an integral role in inspiring, mobilizing, and giving voice to civil rights movements around the world. ‘‘The freedom songs are playing an active and vital role in our struggle, said Martin Luther King, Jr, during the Albany Movement. ‘‘They give the people new courage and a sense of unity. I think they

Ethical Dilemma Of Mandatory Vaccinations - 1065 Words

Introduction The classic essay Tragedy of the Commons describes the dilemma society faces when the interests of a group conflicts with the interests of individuals (Hardin, 1968). The example presented is that of a group of cattle ranchers commingling their cattle in a common pasture. At full capacity, each cattle owner still has an incentive to include additional cattle, since the slight decrease in overall yield per animal is offset by the additional animal. Unfortunately, this overgrazing inevitably leads to failure of the commons. The community goal of maximizing food production can only be achieved by placing controls on the interests of the individual cattle ranchers in favor of those of the community (Hardin, 1968). This paper is†¦show more content†¦This is called an immune response. Vaccination is an attempt to manipulate the immune system to provide protection from disease caused by a pathogen without subjecting the person to the actual disease. The cowpox virus was sufficientl y similar to the smallpox virus that if an individual were exposed to cowpox, the person would develop antibodies that would subsequently attack and disable the smallpox virus. This basic principle discovered by Jenner over two hundred and fifty years ago is used today to develop the dozens of vaccines we take for granted. What Is Herd Immunity? The term herd immunity first appeared in a paper published in 1923, entitled â€Å"The Spread Of Bacterial Infection - The Problem Of Herd Immunity (Topley Wilson, 1923). Herd immunity refers to the protection of populations from infection, which is brought about by the presence of immune individuals (Anderson May, 1985). Herd immunity occurs when the proportion of people in a population that has immunity to a pathogen is so high, the pathogen cannot find enough susceptible hosts to infect and consequently can no longer survive (Coico Sunshine, 2015). For example, if only 50% of a population has immunity to pathogen X, the chances of an infected person coming in contact with a susceptible person to pass along pathogen X, is one in two. On the other hand, if 90% ofShow MoreRelatedMandatory Vaccination in Children: An Ethical Dilemma Essay1569 Words   |  7 PagesVaccination was first introduced globally for small pox and later on extended to other communicable diseases which are now known as vaccine preventable disease. Vaccination is beneficial both for individuals and community. This bring us to the ethical dilemma - Vaccination of a healthy child with the intention of protecting both the individual child and the community at the same time exposing the child to the theoretical risk of exposure to disease products whether live, attenuated or killed. ThereRead MoreImmunizations And Vaccinations : A Hot Topic1426 Words   |  6 Pages Immunizations and Vaccinations: A Hot Topic Crystal L. Clauser Frostburg State University Immunizations and Vaccinations: A Hot Topic In the United States, the childhood immunization schedule recommends that children receive approximately 15 vaccinations by 19 months of age, and it specifies ages for administration of each vaccination dose (Luman, Barker, McCauley, Drews-Botsch, 2005, p. 1367). According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, a vaccine is a product thatRead MoreThe Importance Of Vaccinations1372 Words   |  6 PagesVaccinations have proven time and time again to be an effective form of preventive medicine, but in recent research it has been associated with serious developmental problems. The controversy over whether childhood vaccines are actually the cause of these development issues has been an ongoing debate for 2 centuries and is even more prominent in society now as more research is becoming available to the public, even if some of it says there is no link between the two. Parents and guardians now alsoRead MoreEvaluating The Ethical Principles Of An Axis And Identifying Concre te Points At Which Certain Values Outweigh Others?1549 Words   |  7 Pagesevaluating policy decisions. Vaccine mandates can elicit emotionally charged responses, and simplification of arguments to their ethical ideals can provide essential guidance when crafting policy decisions. Field and Caplan attempt to apply sometimes vague guiding ethics to a real policy issue and are able to draw a conclusion from their model. In their attempt to fit these ethical theories to a graphical model, Field and Caplan make a few substantial simplifications. First, their analysis of the utilitarianRead MoreEssay on Should Vaccines Be Mandatory?902 Words   |  4 Pagesfor one individual may bring deep-seated ethical issues for another individual. With the vast amount of possibilities expanding through research, ethical dilemmas develop and complicate the decisions we need to make for ourselves and loved ones. The varied choices regarding cancer vaccines, fraud and euthanasia will be explored. Cancer Vaccines The NewsHour with Jim Lehrer demonstrates a parade of polarizing ethical issues of today, but the topic of mandatory cervical cancer vaccines particularly caughtRead MoreChildren Should Not Receive Scheduled Vaccinations1508 Words   |  7 Pages Children who do not receive scheduled vaccinations put themselves, as well as others at risk for vaccine-preventable diseases, as infants who are too young of age to receive vaccines, children, elderly, and community members who have compromised immune systems most vulnerable to acquiring vaccine-preventable diseases. Omer, Salmon, Orenstein, DeHart, Halsey (2009) argued that outbreaks of diseases regularly begins with individuals who refuse vaccinations, as it spreads within communities and otherRead MoreThe Centers For Disease Control And Prevention (Cdc) Claim1254 Words   |  6 Pagesqualified to make this statement as research shows the vaccinations have eradicated smallpox and nearly eliminated the polio virus, in addition to dimin ishing the occurrences of preventable infectious diseases such as measles, diphtheria and whooping cough (2015). However, despite the statistics and research, in 2015, only 71.6% of the children between 19 and 35 months received the combined 7 vaccine series (CDC, 2015). This decline in vaccination rate can have devastating effects not only on the individualRead MoreShould We Be Vaccinated For Annual Influenza Vaccinations?3314 Words   |  14 PagesIntroduction Vaccinations have been a topic of controversy among various populations for decades. The controversy exists around the decision to be vaccinated for certain contagious diseases or to omit receiving vaccinations for various reasons including those of medical, ethical, and religious derivation. The profession of healthcare faces a particular obstacle in regard to annual vaccinations against influenza. This review will discuss the following ethical debate: Is it ethical to mandate healthRead MoreEthical Concerns Regarding Pediatric Vaccinations1623 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract Ethical concerns regarding pediatric vaccinations span several viewpoints including clinicians, policymakers and parents. A parent’s concern is to protect their children. Parents want to know more about how vaccines work - the risks and side effects, vaccine ingredients, and vaccine safety - before deciding to vaccinate a child. The responsibility of the medical professional is to protect the public while preserving the rights of the patient. The ethical issues concerning childhood immunizationRead MoreShould We Need The Right Choice?1276 Words   |  6 Pagesthe media instead of trusting their pediatrician. Parents should at least consider listening to a consultant or a medical professional opinion. Many hospitals and other health facilities offer programs to educate parents about the importance of vaccination. Free riders are the parents or the ones that take an advantage of the freedom given to them thus, refuse to participate in the program or even listen (Diekema 1430 ). They tend to believe that a herd immunity, which refers to the community immunity

The Views Of Nature Expressed By Emerson And Thoreau

Analyze the views of nature expressed by Emerson and Thoreau in this week’s readings. Then compare and contrast them to one another. You might also want to apply these themes of nature overall thought of the Transcendentalists as a genre or discipline. Transcendentalism reports an easy idea that people fairly and evenly have ability about themselves, what’s around them and that goes above, â€Å"transcends† what people can do beyond their five senses. There are people that believe in themselves to endure their very own power on what is correct or what they feel is right. A transcendentalism is a person that obtain those ideas but not for religious reasons but for an approach of accepting life’s relationships. A group consist of citizens that was affiliated with a new process of thinking, would meet in Emerson home in Boston and they were called Transcendental Club. Margaret Fuller was the editor of their own publication called â€Å"The Dial.† She was also known as a radical and a feminist. The leader of the Transcendental Club was Ralph Waldo Emerson (Perkins). Ralph Waldo Emerson is considered to be the â€Å"All American† thinker. He advised Americans not seek into Europe for insight and stimulation. He asked for them to be themselves in his legendary essay â€Å"The American Scholar.† Emerson believed that people are commonly pleasant and people’s future was boundless. He attempted to influence his associates to seek in themselves character ability and effort for the solution ofShow MoreRelatedHow Does One Find the Miraculous in the Common? Essay example1187 Words   |  5 Pagespoet Ralph Waldo Emerson would call the previous statement a fallacy. This is due to his belief of finding the miraculous in the common as â€Å"the invariable mark of wisdom†. Emerson along with Henry David Thoreau and Annie Dillard all answered in regards to finding such miracles. These three authors have displayed their reasoning in their popular works. With the works of Self Reliance and Nature, Ralph Waldo Emerson defined how one would find the miraculous in the ordinary. Emerson does not pose whatRead MoreRalph Waldo Emerson And Thoreau975 Words   |  4 Pagesoptimistic outlook. It stress an importance of nature. That has a valued a feeling over reason. A following of the heart rather than the mind. Also the setting apart from society. There are two who comes to mind; Thoreau and Emerson. Where Emerson and Thoreau were clear examples of Bright Romanticism exemplified by the inclusion of nature, a positive view of mankind, and a poetic style that broke traditional method. Ralph Waldo Emerson exemplified him being a clear examples of BrightRead MoreTranscendentalism And Ralph Waldo Emerson And Henry David Thoreau807 Words   |  4 Pagesambassadors, Ralph Waldo Emerson and apprentice Henry David Thoreau. These men believed nature is what forces us not to depend on other ideas but to develop our own. Born in Boston, Massachusetts on May 25, 1803 as the fourth child in a family of eight, Ralph Waldo Emerson was brought up in an atmosphere where seven of his ancestors were ministers, and his father, William Emerson (who died when Emerson was eight), was minister of the First Church (Unitarian) of Boston. Emerson graduated in 1821, atRead More Oneness in Walden, Nature and American Scholar Essay1154 Words   |  5 PagesOneness in Walden, Nature and American Scholar  Ã‚   Some of the most prominent works which express a relationship between the individual and nature are undoubtedly Walden by Henry David Thoreau and the essays written by Ralph Waldo Emerson, specifically Nature and The American Scholar. In each of these works, an idea of wholeness, oneness, with nature is expressed. Thoreau and Emerson both believe that man, in order to live a full, happy life, must live in harmony with nature. Both writers shareRead MoreEmerson Thoreau and Individualism in Society Essay1370 Words   |  6 PagesRalph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau are still considered two of the most influential writers of their time. Ralph Waldo Emerson, who was a lecturer, essayist, and poet, Henry David Thoreau is his student, who was also a great essayist and critics. Both men extensively studied and embraced nature, and both men encouraged and practiced individualism and nonconformity. In Ralph Waldo Emersons essay Self Reliance and Henry David Thoreaus book Walden and es say Resistance to Civil GovernmentRead MoreTranscendentalism : Ralph Waldo Emerson And Henry David Thoreau967 Words   |  4 PagesRalph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau are two of the most inspiring and accomplished writers to ever walk upon this Earth. They dared to question how people lived and how people should live. They were light years ahead of their time with their transcendentalist ideas. Transcendentalism can be defined by this quote, â€Å"People... have knowledge about themselves and the world around them that transcends... what they can see, hear, taste, touch or feel†(History). This is a perfect explanation forRead MoreTranscendentalism Is Not A Beneficial Way Of Life1403 Words   |  6 Pagespeace. Thoreau’s â€Å"Walden† is about leaving the cities, abandoning one’s possessions and living out in nature to find one s true self. Emerson’s â€Å"Self- Reliance† is about resisting society and living true to oneself and ne ver following society’s standards. A modern Transcendentalist named Josh from the novel The Gospel According to Larry by Janet Tashjian follows in the footsteps of Emerson and Thoreau and tries to live a Transcendentalist way of life. When a person does follow the transcendentalistRead More Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau as Fathers of Transcendentalism730 Words   |  3 PagesRalph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau as Fathers of Transcendentalism Transcendentalism was a movement in writing that took place in the mid-nineteenth century. It formed in the early to mid nineteenth century and reached it climax around 1850 during an era commonly referred to as the American Renaissance, America’s Golden Day, or the Flowering of New England. The basic tenets of Transcendentalism involve the relationships between one’s self and the world at large. First, the searchRead MoreThe Great Traversers By Ralph Waldo Emerson2868 Words   |  12 Pagestranscendental ideas, as presented by Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Henry David Thoreau) In this spirit I have just discovered Emerson. For forty years I have known something about him, of course—that he was a mystical philosopher; the apostle of transcendentalism in America†¦.† (Abbot, lines 9-10). From within the text of the author of this quote, it can be seen the shear praise and gratitude held for a man by the name of Ralph Waldo Emerson. Emerson as mentioned in the quote, is considered to be theRead MoreThe Literary Movement of Transcendentalism Essay examples872 Words   |  4 Pagesand communicated with nature to find union with the Over-Soul. When this occurred, one was cleansed of materialistic aims, and was left with a sense of self-reliance and purity. Two authors who were among the leaders of the movement were Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau, whose works quot;Naturequot;, quot;Self-Reliancequot;, and quot;Waldenquot; brought America to the forefront of the transcendentalist movement. Their ideas opposed the popular materialist views of life and voiced a

Originally By Carol Ann Duffy poetry commentary Essay Example For Students

Originally By Carol Ann Duffy poetry commentary Essay Our Life Is one long Journey, with good as well as bad times In it. From childhood to old age, we strive forever to experience and learn, often positive as well as negative turns In life often brisling upon one a lot of change. In the poem originally by Carol Ann Duffy, one reads about a seemingly sudden change In a Childs life, where one Is confronted with leaving their home, their country, to live somewhere else unknown. In Originally, which is divided into three parts, one follows the experiences of a beaker, who seems to have been forced to leave his or hers home, change and crisis being endured, and how the speaker in the end effect, slowly, adapts. The Poem though seemingly talks about this child leaving its home and changing, the Poem also shows how People all there lives change, starting by growing up to become a teenager, then to an adult and in the end to an aged person. We will write a custom essay on Originally By Carol Ann Duffy poetry commentary specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The Poem starts of with a type of introduction; It begins the Poem by setting up a mood, by explaining how she moved with her family. The speakers love for her Malden Is exemplified by using domineering words such as own, which makes It seem as something unique, and also by telling the reader that her brothers were bawling the word home. A combination of alliteration and imagery in the first line red room and fell through the fields also helps emphasize this. All of these rather unsympathetic words encourage a development of a depression throughout the Poem. The personification of the miles (which ran) back to the city seems to indicate how, while being on this train, makes the child feel worse and worse owing its becoming more distant from its homeland, and this reflecting that the land is passing so quickly it seems to be running away past. The whole stanza mainly concentrates on the child and its family, except for the last line, this sudden change also brings up strong emotions because from one Image of leaving the place you have always known to be your home, one suddenly notices how scared this child must me when the speaker says that It stared/at the eyes of a blind toy, holding Its paw It shows how terrified It feels and how It only has her old trustworthy bear with err to help her. The Bear being blind seems symbolic, suggesting that the speaker does not know what will become of its family in their new home, and much like an old toy is often blind because it has lost its eyes over the years. In the second stanza one learns about the problem the person had to go through once it had arrived in its new homeland. The first line all childhood is an emigration fittingly captures the themes of the entire poem it shows how especially in ones childhood one changes all the time, teenager, Puberty, becoming an adult these are age changes and can also be compared with types of emigrations. Throughout this stanza one learns about what difficulty the child had learning to adapt to the new culture, the accent sounds unfamiliar, kids do things she has not seen any of her friends do in her old homeland, and it shows how people all there lives are to live with them, often to such an extent that you dont know anything else anymore. The speaker talks about a lot of unusual and seemingly repulsive things like boys eating worms or shouting words one doesnt understand, in the lines before she also talks about Pebble-dashed estates, meaning very boring and dull housings. .u854fce4e1d13bc02888cfe3024dac1bb , .u854fce4e1d13bc02888cfe3024dac1bb .postImageUrl , .u854fce4e1d13bc02888cfe3024dac1bb .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u854fce4e1d13bc02888cfe3024dac1bb , .u854fce4e1d13bc02888cfe3024dac1bb:hover , .u854fce4e1d13bc02888cfe3024dac1bb:visited , .u854fce4e1d13bc02888cfe3024dac1bb:active { border:0!important; } .u854fce4e1d13bc02888cfe3024dac1bb .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u854fce4e1d13bc02888cfe3024dac1bb { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u854fce4e1d13bc02888cfe3024dac1bb:active , .u854fce4e1d13bc02888cfe3024dac1bb:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u854fce4e1d13bc02888cfe3024dac1bb .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u854fce4e1d13bc02888cfe3024dac1bb .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u854fce4e1d13bc02888cfe3024dac1bb .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u854fce4e1d13bc02888cfe3024dac1bb .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u854fce4e1d13bc02888cfe3024dac1bb:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u854fce4e1d13bc02888cfe3024dac1bb .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u854fce4e1d13bc02888cfe3024dac1bb .u854fce4e1d13bc02888cfe3024dac1bb-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u854fce4e1d13bc02888cfe3024dac1bb:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The entire poem EssayAll this also seems to point out that the child seemed to have once lived in a better place, maybe the child parents use to have more money and something happened making them loose everything, and forcing them to move to a cheaper living area. This also gets reflected when the speaker talks about its parents anxiety stirred like a tooth in my head which is a very effective way of explaining the worries and problems the child was confronted with. In the last line the font is though changed to italics representing the speaker talking and for the last time saying l want our own country, the speaker saying own for the last time also shows how the child still doesnt feel at home and by wanting its own country, meaning its original homeland where it lived in before everything else changed. In the last stanza the Crisis has ended the person has gotten use to its new surroundings and is already feeling at home in this once new place. The mood is still relatively unenthusiastic but the person does start seeing a positive side in things. The speaker incorporates the persons family for a last time, when she says seeing your brother swallow a slug, feel only/a shelf of shame. this line links back to the previous stanza with the imagery of worms and slugs, which is not literal, but a metaphor for fitting in. The simile my tongue shedding its skin like a snake tells the reader of the speakers not only of the speakers changed accent but also perhaps refers to many of the speakers old memories and habits which she has had to get rid of as they seem useless in her new home, and the person now in class sounding Just eke the rest also emphasizes it having completely adapted to its (now not so) new surroundings. In the final lines of the poem though the person looks back one last time when being asked, where do you come from? By a stranger, remembering its troubles having to adapt and sadness of having leave its once homeland, but now when being asked Originally? the child hesitates because it doesnt not anymore if this is now his homeland or if Originally means the one he once came from. The poem shows, in this case, how a child had to suddenly move from its homeland o a new place, strange and bizarre, in its view so different and at first seemingly impossible to be able to adapt, but in the end the child does manage to get over all its troubles, and to adapt to a completely new culture, where people do things it thought know one does. The Poem seems to use this childs story as an example, of how much change people have to go through, and that even though it always seems impossible to be able to learn and adapt, one nearly always manages, and even though one does remember how it had once been, lives with it, and enjoys its new way of living.

A Modest Proposal short essay free essay sample

A critical analysis of ‘A Modest Proposal’ ‘A Modest Proposal’ is a Juvenalian satirical essay which was written by Jonathon Swift in 1729; a period of great inequality in Ireland which was then ruled by England. During this period, the poorer sections of the Irish population were subject to severe economic hardship, in which thousands literally starved to death every year whilst others were forced to beg in order to survive. Swift, along with many others, was dissatisfied with what he perceived as a refusal on the Irish aristocracy and English establishment’s behalf to help the Irish peasants. His essay, which he published anonymously, was born out of such frustrations. Swift uses the speaker to personify the Irish aristocrats and English decision makers and reflect what he felt was their attitude towards the peasants. He is mocking their ineptness and inability to resolve the issues with poverty and inequality in Ireland by presenting them with a hyperbolic, ridiculous solution. By Swift giving his speaker such an absurd proposal, he hopes that it could ultimately result in one of his readers, perhaps an important political figure, accepting the severity of the Irish peasants’ plight and actually stepping up to do something about it. Swift is acknowledging that the poor are being treated like animals by the wealthy landowners and aristocrats so he satirically presents them as literally being like animals; suitable to kill, eat and sell by the pound. Contextually, it is worthwhile to remember that in Ireland around this time, people’s attitudes were beginning to change as they started valuing money and the material possessions that come with it more than people, who had become somewhat of a commodity for wealthy land and factory owners. Swift presented people as a literal commodity in his essay. Perhaps comparisons can be made with the way in which Swift uses the speakers’ proposal and a psychological theory called the ‘door-in-the-face technique’ which is perfectly summed up on Wikipedia thus â€Å"The door-in-the-face technique is a compliance method commonly studied in social psychology. The persuader attempts to convince the respondent to comply by making a large request that the respondent will most likely turn down; much like a metaphorical slamming of a door in the persuaders face. The  respondent is then more likely to agree to a second, more reasonable request, compared to the same reasonable request made in isolation†. The way the reader (respondent) will reject the absurd proposal made by the speaker, yet be left open to Swift’s (persuader) actual proposal, which is more reasonable and conservative, of just doing something to solve the poverty crisis in Ireland is similar to the ideas from the ‘DITF’ technique; by m aking a foolish request, you strengthen the possibility of your actual request being accepted. Furthermore, like in the explanation of the ‘DITF’ technique, Swift’s conservative, realistic proposal is strengthened whilst presented in tandem with the extraordinary one. The method by which the narrator makes their proposal begins with them asserting that seeing a street in Ireland lined with beggars and peasants is ‘a melancholy object’. By making this assertion, the reader, the speaker hopes, is open to the idea that, ultimately, having beggars on the street is a bad thing. Now, after their audience has acknowledged that there is a problem, the speaker can proceed to present a resolution to it. Structurally, this is important as it allows Swift to engage his audience quickly and plant the seed of thought which he hopes will flourish as the text goes on, ultimately making it more likely that one of his readers can fully understand the severity of the situation and attempt to resolve it. It’s a bold start for Swift; he begins with harsh ima gery of destitute, impoverished people whose lives are in need of intervention. The inclusion of descriptions of children, whilst being necessary for the development of the proposal, is wise on Swift’s behalf as it is a more dramatic, harsher and more emotive picture to paint. Perhaps Swift deliberately chose for the proposal to revolve solely around the consumption of small children because we find their suffering more upsetting and troubling than we do with teenagers and adults. This helps Swift to shock and disturb his audience easier, resulting in the essay having a more profound effect on us. Apart from the obvious ironic and satirical features present in his essay, Swift has used other rhetorical devices to help develop and maintain his ideas. Rhetoric today is largely based on the original Greek ideas for persuasion; logos, ethos and pathos. The narrator’s argument is neither logical (logos) nor ethical (ethos) yet, vitally for Swift and the development of his ideas within the speakers’ proposal, it does appeal to his audience in an emotive nature (pathos). The inclusion of statistical information in the essay adds to it a hint of realism. Swift has done this not to serve the narrator’s argument but his own. By doing this he is highlighting the plight of the Irish peasantry, something which he is keen to do, whilst also continuing development of the speaker’s narrative and ideas. The way in which the narrator references the Commonwealth and ‘the kingdom’ serves Swift’s purpose too because it plays on the audience’s sense of identity and national pride. Swift used sensational linguistic and literary features in his essay which is reflective of the text’s overall themes and ideas; firstly, the inclusion of the word ‘modest’ in the title. The idea that the narrators’ proposal is a modest one is simply ludicrous but this reflects the absurdity of the speaker’s suggestion. The anecdote that the narrator has included about being assured by ‘an American acquaintance in London that a young healthy child well nursed is at a year old a most deliciou s, nourishing, and wholesome food, whether stewed, roasted, baked, or boiled’ is absolutely preposterous. The strangeness of the anecdote again reflects that of the entire essay. At the end of the extract is direct comment about landowners who it seems Swift holds particularly responsible for the impoverished Irish population. It says ‘I grant this food will be somewhat dear, and therefore very proper for landlords, who, as they have already devoured most of the parents, seem to have the best title to the children’. This is an attack on landowners’ excessive wealth by stating, sarcastically, that expensive food is like the ideal food for them. It is also an example of figurative language too; as the landowners have metaphorically devoured the peasantry with excessive bills for farming the land, either through monetary or crop payments that they are best fit to literally devour their children. This bold, harsh assessment of the landowners not only helps develop Swift’s ideas on the peasants’ treatments and the morals of the landowners but so too does it underline the severity of the ill feeling he holds towards them and the sympathy he has for the poor. In terms of the extract, this is very important structurally because, having started on a particularly extreme, dire description it also finishes on a severely critical observation. Swift maintains an ironic, cynical tone throughout the extract through the way he mocks the aristocrats and presents them as selfish and partly to  blame for the peasants’ situation. Moreover, the way in which Swift also displays the narrator’s proposal in tandem with his damning analysis of the landowners’ deeds only serves to amplify said ironic tone. Despite the essay being specific of a particular location and period, it remains a timeless text that underlines the selfishness and inequality of a Capitalist society in which material possessions and worldly goods are almost always valued higher than people and human life. In today’s world, the same sort of poverty exists; there are still severe food shortages in African countries despite there being millionaires and billionaires all over the globe, literally with money to waste. As long as there is selfishness, greed and poverty in the world; ‘A Modest Proposal’ will still be relevant.

The Australian Cane Toad Essays - Toads, Cane Toad, Frog, Bufo

The Australian Cane Toad THE AUSTRALIAN CANE TOAD Introduction The cane toad, Bufo marinus, or giant toad, was introduced to Australia by the sugar cane industry with government sanction, in order to control two specific pests of sugar cane. The grey backed cane beetle and the frenchie beetle. Native to Central and South America, the cane toad has been introduced to several Pacific islands as well. One hundred and one toads arrived at Edmonton in North Queensland in June 1935. About 11 sugar growing locations in northern and central coastal Queensland received authorized shipments. People at Normanton and Burketown, and in northern New South Wales deliberately released the cane toad into the wild. Scientists warned the farmers not to bring the cane toad to Australia but the farmers did not listen and brought them in anyway. Did the cane toad have any impact on the two cane beetles it was introduced to control? Apparently not. The cane toad ate beetles when they were available, but as a control agent, it had no impact at all. Instead of controlling certain insect populations, the cane toad ate large numbers of bees and other beneficial insects. Within 5 years, an effective insecticide became available and the sugar industry lost interest in the cane toad. Although not native to Australia, the cane toad has one of the widest ranges of any living toad. The species lives in a wide variety of habitats, but is restricted mainly by the availability of water, since water is a vital element in the breeding cycle. However, toads can survive near very small pools, or steams in arid regions. During the dry or cold seasons, they remain inactive in shallow ground excavations beneath ground cover. Description Cane toads are very large and heavily built amphibians (up to 15 cm long) with warty skin. The skin is strong, tough, and durable. Females tend to be larger and smoother-skinned than males. Cane toads are olive-brown to reddish-brown on top, with a paler white or yellowish belly. The underside is usually spotted with brown. The toad is characterized by a stout body, which is heavier than that of frogs. The most distinctive features of the cane toads are bony ridges over each eye and a pair of enlarged glands, one on each shoulder. These glands are able to ooze venom. A pronounced angular ridge runs between the eyes and snout. Giant toads can tolerate temperatures of 0 degrees Celsius to 41 degrees Celsius and are able to survive high levels of dehydration. They can also adapt to different temperatures. Their temperature and moisture tolerances may limit their distribution. However, they do occur in warm temperate to semi-arid climates and are abundant in the wet and dry tropics. A prediction, based on their ability to tolerate a variety of climates, is that they will become established in Darwin early next century and eventually spread over much of the coastal seaboard of Australia. The call of the male cane toad is a high-pitched brrrr which sounds like a telephone dial tone. The cane toad also has a distinctive stance and hop. It sits upright in an almost vertical position and moves in a series of fast, short hops rather than long 'frog like' hops. Also cane toads do not have webs between their toes. Diet Cane toads will eat almost any small creature they can catch. They eat whatever is available. They often eat bees and dung beetles, small amphibians, reptiles, and mammals. In fact, they eat any animal they can swallow. Unlike other amphibians, giant toads eat things which do not move. They have also been known to steal food from dog and cat bowls. They have few predators native to Australia. The common Fresh Water Snake, (Tropidonophis mairii), is the only Australian snake known to be able to feed on small cane toads without dying as a result. Other native animals such as the estuarine crocodile, the water rat and species of ibis are believed to feed on toads or on their internal organs. Behavior and Breeding Cane toads are highly adaptable, both in terms of survival and reproduction. They are much more tolerant than other Australian frogs and can survive and breed in somewhat salty water. In Australia, giant toads normally

The Crucible, Movie vs. Play free essay sample

There are several differences between the way the play The Crucible was written and the way it was presented in the film adaptation we watched in class. One major difference was that in the movie, the girls were shown dancing in the forest at the beginning. In the play it is only a flashback. The scene was added in the movie to make it more dramatic and foreshadowing. I think it helps to understand the movie better and it sets the mood of the story from the very beginning. In the movie, when the girls visit Betty before the trial, Betty is very wild and almost violent and even tries to jump out of the window. That makes the girls, that are much more than in the original play, more hysteric and the whole scene is wilder and more exiting. The adaptations help to make the scene more important because it supports the idea of the mass hysteria that the girls spread in the town. We will write a custom essay sample on The Crucible, Movie vs. Play or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Another difference is that in the movie, Abigail tries to accuse Reverend Hale’s wife of witchcraft. She is told by judge Danforth that the accusations are wrong. In the play that doesn’t happen at all but I think in the movie the scene is very important. It shows the true personality of Abigail and identifies her as the â€Å"bad character† because she just makes stories up and accuses everyone. The scene also shows how corrupt the court was because the judge tells Abigail that the devil would never come to the Reverend’s wife, so they actually used the trials as an excuse to get rid of the â€Å"lower class† people. In the movie Abigail comes to see John Proctor while he is in prison. She has a plan to help him get out but he doesn’t want to flee with her because he knows she’s a liar. In the play Abigail flees Salem and never comes to see John in prison. I think the scene is a contrast to the general personality of Abigail because in the movie she shows guilt and apologized to Proctor, but in the play, she is very cold-hearted and doesn’t feel guilty at all. Also the scene detracts from the rest of the movie.